Dataset Information

The associations of serum vitamin D status and vitamin D supplements use with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia: a UK Biobank based prospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Prior studies on vitamin D and dementia outcomes yielded mixed results and had several important limitations.

Objectives

We aimed to assess the associations of both serum vitamin D status and supplementation with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD) incidence.

Methods

With a prospective cohort study design, we comprehensively assessed the associations of vitamin D and multivitamin supplementation, as well as vitamin D deficiency {25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] <30 nmol/L}, and insufficiency [25(OH)D 30 to <50 nmol/L], with the 14-year incidence of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD in 269,229 participants, aged 55 to 69, from the UK Biobank.

Results

Although 5.0% reported regular vitamin D use and 19.8% reported multivitamin use, the majority of participants exhibited either vitamin D deficiency (18.3%) or insufficiency (34.0%). However, vitamin D deficiency was less prevalent among users of vitamin D (6.9%) or multivitamin preparations (9.5%) than among nonusers (21.5%). Adjusted Cox regression models demonstrated 19% to 25% increased risk of all 3 dementia outcomes for those with vitamin D deficiency [hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.25 (1.16, 1.34) for all-cause dementia; 1.19 (1.07-1.31) for AD; 1.24 (1.08-1.43) for VD] and 10% to 15% increased risk of those with vitamin D insufficiency [HR (95% CI): 1.11 (1.05, 1.18) for all-cause dementia; 1.10 (1.02-1.19) for AD; 1.15 (1.03-1.29) for VD]. Regular users of vitamin D and multivitamins had 17% and 14% lower risk of AD [HR (95% CI): 0.83 (0.71, 0.98)] and VD [HR (95% CI): 0.86 (0.75, 0.98)] incidence, respectively.

Conclusions

Although our findings indicate the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation for dementia prevention, randomized controlled trials are essential for definitive evidence.

SUBMITTER: Chen LJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11007746 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The associations of serum vitamin D status and vitamin D supplements use with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia: a UK Biobank based prospective cohort study.

Chen Li-Ju LJ Sha Sha S Stocker Hannah H Brenner Hermann H Schöttker Ben B

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20240129 4

<h4>Background</h4>Prior studies on vitamin D and dementia outcomes yielded mixed results and had several important limitations.<h4>Objectives</h4>We aimed to assess the associations of both serum vitamin D status and supplementation with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD) incidence.<h4>Methods</h4>With a prospective cohort study design, we comprehensively assessed the associations of vitamin D and multivitamin supplementation, as well as vitamin D deficienc ...[more]

PMID: 38296029

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Project description:BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests an association between pro-inflammatory diets and cognitive function. However, only a few studies based on small sample sizes have explored the association between pro-inflammatory diets and dementia using the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Additionally, the relationship between DII and different subtypes of dementia, such as Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia, remains largely unexplored. Given the changes in brain structure already observed in patients with dementia, we also investigated the association between DII and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of brain structure to provide some hints to elucidate the potential mechanisms between pro-inflammatory diet and cognitive decline.MethodsA total of 166,377 UK Biobank participants without dementia at baseline were analyzed. DII calculations were based on the information collected by the 24-h recall questionnaire. Brain structural anatomy and tissue-specific volumes were measured using brain MRI. Cox proportional hazards models, competing risk models, and restricted cubic spline were applied to assess the longitudinal associations. The generalized linear model was used to assess the association between DII and MRI measurements.ResultsDuring a median follow-up time of 9.46 years, a total of 1372 participants developed dementia. The incidence of all-cause dementia increased by 4.6% for each additional unit of DII [hazard ratio (HR): 1.046]. Besides, DII displayed a "J-shaped" non-linear association with Alzheimer's dementia (Pnonlinear = 0.003). When DII was above 1.30, an increase in DII was significantly associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's dementia (HR: 1.391, 95%CI: 1.085-1.784, P = 0.009). For brain MRI, the total volume of white matter hyperintensities increased with an increase in DII, whereas the volume of gray matter in the hippocampus decreased.ConclusionsIn this cohort study, higher DII was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia. However, our findings suggested that the association with DII and vascular and frontotemporal dementia was not significant.

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Dataset Information

The associations of serum vitamin D status and vitamin D supplements use with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia: a UK Biobank based prospective cohort study.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

The associations of serum vitamin D status and vitamin D supplements use with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia: a UK Biobank based prospective cohort study.

Similar Datasets

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