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Distinctive populations of CD4+T cells associated with vaccine efficacy.


ABSTRACT: Memory T cells underpin vaccine-induced immunity but are not yet fully understood. To distinguish features of memory cells that confer protective immunity, we used single cell transcriptome analysis to compare antigen-specific CD4+T cells recalled to lungs of mice that received a protective or nonprotective subunit vaccine followed by challenge with a fungal pathogen. We unexpectedly found populations specific to protection that expressed a strong type I interferon response signature, whose distinctive transcriptional signature appeared unconventionally dependent on IFN-γ receptor. We also detected a unique population enriched in protection that highly expressed the gene for the natural killer cell marker NKG7. Lastly, we detected differences in TCR gene use and in Th1- and Th17-skewed responses after protective and nonprotective vaccine, respectively, reflecting heterogeneous Ifng- and Il17a-expressing populations. Our findings highlight key features of transcriptionally diverse and distinctive antigen-specific T cells associated with protective vaccine-induced immunity.

SUBMITTER: Woodring T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9436750 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Distinctive populations of CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells associated with vaccine efficacy.

Woodring Therese T   Dewey Colin N CN   Santos Dias Lucas Dos LD   He Xin X   Dobson Hannah E HE   Wüthrich Marcel M   Klein Bruce B  

iScience 20220813 9


Memory T cells underpin vaccine-induced immunity but are not yet fully understood. To distinguish features of memory cells that confer protective immunity, we used single cell transcriptome analysis to compare antigen-specific CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells recalled to lungs of mice that received a protective or nonprotective subunit vaccine followed by challenge with a fungal pathogen. We unexpectedly found populations specific to protection that expressed a strong type I interferon response signature,  ...[more]

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