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Mechanisms underlying the sparing of masticatory muscle function relative to biceps femoris muscle in an experimental critical illness model


ABSTRACT: Background: The aim of this study is to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the sparing of masticatory muscles relative to limb muscles in ICU patients with acute quadriplegic myopathy (AQM) by using a unique porcine ICU model, i.e., 5-day longitudinal experiments where animals are sedated, mechanically ventilated and exposed to factors triggering AQM, such as muscle unloading, endotoxin-induced sepsis, and systemic exposure to CS and NMBA. Results: An altered expression was notably observed in heat-shock proteins genes, sarcomeric proteins and myostatin genes were noticed. Hence, modifications in heat-shock proteins, sarcomeric proteins and myostatin genes are in sharp contrast to alterations in the limb muscles and it is postulated that elevated heat-shock proteins and decreased sarcomeric protein and myostatin genes play a protective role in the masticatory muscle relative to limb muscle in ICU patients with AQM. Conclusions: This intervention had no significant effect on masseter muscle fiber size or force-generation capacity. This is in sharp contrast to the dramatic decrease observed in specific force in limb muscle fibers from the same animals. However, significant differences were observed between the craniofacial and the limb muscle with a masseter muscle specific regulation of i) transcriptional and growth factors like RUNX1, FOXO1A, TBX1, PGC1-β and myostatin, ii) several heat shock protein genes like HSP 90, HSP 105/110 and αB-crystallin, iii) a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (TIMP2) and iv) oxidative stress responsive elements such as SRXN1 and SOD2. These muscle-type specific differences, the alterations in heat shock protein, sarcomeric protein and myostatin genes are forwarded as important factors underlying the sparing of masticatory muscles compared with limb muscles in critically ill ICU patients with Acute Quadriplegic Myopathy. Keywords: Treatment, immobilization, muscle function.

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

PROVIDER: GSE24239 | GEO | 2010/09/21

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA132941

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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