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A Novel Squaramide Derivative, HR-19011, Induces the Integrated Stress Response via the HRI-eIF2α-ATF4 Pathway, Effectively Inhibiting Hematologic Malignancies

ABSTRACT: A Novel Squaramide Derivative, HR-19011, Induces the Integrated Stress Response via the HRI-eIF2α-ATF4 Pathway, Effectively Inhibiting Hematologic Malignancies

PROVIDER: PRJNA1220091 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR32261316_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32261316_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32261317.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32261317_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR32261317_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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A Novel Squaramide Derivative, HR-19011, Induces the Integrated Stress Response via the HRI-eIF2α-ATF4 Pathway, Effectively Inhibiting Hematologic Malignancies

Project description:We investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of HR-19011, a novel eIF2α phosphorylation inducer, with a focus on its effects on the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway and cell cycle regulation in K562 cells. Our findings revealed that HR-19011 exerts its anticancer effects primarily through the activation of heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI), leading to the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2)α, the induction of ISR signaling, and subsequent G1/S cell cycle arrest. RNA sequencing analysis further highlighted significant changes in gene expression associated with the ISR pathway, particularly those involving the key components, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and CHOP, underscoring the specific targeting of HRI by HR-19011. Additionally, HR-19011 suppressed the mTORC1 pathway, a critical regulator of cell growth and metabolism, through the downregulation of components such as phosphorylated (p)-S6K and p-4EBP1, mediated by ATF4 and CHOP. In vivo studies demonstrated that HR-19011 effectively inhibited tumor growth in a K562 xenograft model, without significant toxicity, and its broad efficacy across various hematologic malignancies further suggests its potential as a versatile anticancer agent. Our findings position HR-19011 as a promising candidate for targeting the HRI-eIF2α axis in cancer treatment, warranting further investigation and optimization for clinical application.

2025-04-21 | GSE288955 | GEO

Human HRI Autophosphorylation Profile

Project description:Heme-regulated inhibitorRegulated Inhibitor (HRI) is one of the four mammalian kinases that phosphorylate eIF2α, facilitating a cellular response to stress through the regulation of mRNA translation. Originally identified as a heme sensor in erythroid progenitor cells, HRI has since emerged as a potential therapeutic target in both cancer and neurodegeneration. Here we purified recombinant expressed human HRI and allowed it to autophosphorylate.

2025-06-18 | PXD064940 | Pride

HRI Protects Erythroid Precursors in iron deficiency and beta-Thalassemia by Maintaining GATA-1 and Fog-1 Expression

Project description:Heme-regulated eIF2α kinase (HRI) is essential for the survival of erythroid precursors in iron and heme deficiency and it also plays a protective role in red blood cell diseases of erythroid protoporphyria and β-thalassemia. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time the impairment of GATA-1 and Fog-1 expressions in iron deficiency and the impairment of GATA-1 expression in β-thalassemia. Furthermore, HRI is necessary to maintain the GATA-1/Fog-1 induced functions in erythroid differentiation, cell cycle and cell survival by sustaining both expressions of GATA-1 and Fog-1 in iron deficiency and in β-thalassemia. Keywords: Genetic modification

2009-06-30 | GSE6808 | GEO

HRI depletion cooperates with pharmacologic inducers to elevate fetal hemoglobin and reduce sickle cell formation

Project description:Increasing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) provides clinical benefit in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We recently identified heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI, EIF2AK1) as a novel HbF regulator. Since HRI is an erythroid-specific protein kinase it presents a potential target for pharmacologic intervention. We find that maximal HbF induction requires >80-85% HRI depletion. As it remains unclear whether this degree of HRI inhibition can be achieved pharmacologically, we explored whether HRI knockdown can be combined with pharmacologic HbF inducers to achieve greater HbF production and minimize potential adverse effects associated with treatments. Strongly cooperative HbF induction was observed when HRI depletion was combined with exposure to pomalidomide or the EHMT1/2 inhibitor UNC0638, but not hydroxyurea. Mechanistically, reduction in the levels of the HbF repressor BCL11A reflected the cooperativity of HRI loss and pomalidomide treatment, whereas UNC0638 did not modulate BCL11A levels. In conjunction with HRI loss, pomalidomide maintained its HbF inducing activity at 10-fold lower concentrations, at which condition there were minimal observed detrimental effects on erythroid cell maturation and viability as well as fewer alterations in the erythroid transcriptome. In sum, this study provides a foundation for the exploration of combining future small molecule HRI inhibitors with additional pharmacologic HbF inducers to maximize HbF production and preserve erythroid cell functionality for the treatment of SCD and other hemoglobinopathies.

2020-09-21 | GSE150341 | GEO

The Small Molecule ISRIB Reverses the Effects of eIF2α Phosphorylation on Translation and Stress Granule Assembly

Project description:We recently identified ISRIB as a potent inhibitor of the integrated stress response (ISR). ISRIB renders cells resistant to the effects of eIF2α phosphorylation and enhances long-term memory in rodents (10.7554/eLife.00498). Here we show by genome-wide in vivo ribosome profiling that translation of a restricted subset of mRNAs is induced upon ISR activation. ISRIB substantially reversed the translational effects elicited by phosphorylation of eIF2α and induced no major changes in translation or mRNA levels in unstressed cells. eIF2α phosphorylation-induced stress granule (SG) formation was blocked by ISRIB. Strikingly, ISRIB addition to stressed cells with pre-formed SGs induced their rapid disassembly, liberating mRNAs into the actively translating pool. Restoration of mRNA translation and modulation of SG dynamics may be an effective treatment of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by eIF2α phosphorylation, SG formation and cognitive loss. Ribosome profiling with paired RNA-seq

2015-02-27 | E-GEOD-65778 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Serratia sp. HRI

Project description:Serratia sp. HRI Genome sequencing and assembly

| PRJNA580358 | ENA

Iron and Heme Coordinate Erythropoiesis through HRI-Mediated Regulation of Protein Translation and Gene Expression

Project description:Iron and heme play central roles in red blood cell production. However, the mechanisms by which iron and heme levels coordinate erythropoiesis remain incompletely understood. HRI is a heme-regulated kinase that controls translation by phosphorylating eIF2a. Here, we investigate the global impact of iron, heme and HRI on protein translation in vivo in murine primary erythroblasts using ribosome profiling. By defining the underlying changes in translation during iron and HRI deficiencies, we validate known regulators of this process, including Atf4, and identify novel pathways such as co-regulation of ribosomal protein mRNA translation. Surprisingly, we found that heme and HRI pathways, but not iron-regulated pathways, mediate the major protein translational and transcriptional responses to iron deficiency in erythroblasts in vivo and thereby identify previously unappreciated regulators of erythropoiesis. Our genome-wide study uncovers the major impact of the HRI-mediated integrated stress response for the adaptation to iron deficiency anemia.

2018-09-03 | GSE119365 | GEO

Domain-focused CRISPR-screen identifies HRI as a fetal hemoglobin regulator in human erythroid cells

Project description:Increasing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels in adult red blood cells provides clinical benefit to patients with sickle cell disease and some forms of beta-thalassemia. To identify potentially druggable HbF regulators in adult human erythroid cells, we employed a protein kinase-domain focused CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic screen with a newly optimized sgRNA scaffold. The screen uncovered the heme-regulated inhibitor HRI (also known as EIF2AK1), an erythroid-specific kinase that controls protein translation, as an HbF repressor. HRI depletion markedly increased HbF production in a specific manner and reduced sickling in cultured erythroid cells. Diminished expression of the HbF repressor BCL11A accounted in large part for the effects of HRI depletion. Taken together, these results suggest HRI as a potential therapeutic target for hemoglobinopathies.

2018-07-20 | GSE115687 | GEO

Mitochondrial Stress Induces an HRI-eIF2α Pathway Protective for Cardiomyopathy.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9523491 | biostudies-literature

Gene expression profile at Ptpmt1 cardiomyocytes-specific Knockout mcie, Eif2a mutant mice, Gcn2 Knockout mice, and Hri Knockout mice

Project description:To study the mitochondrial stress response HRI-eIF2a-ATF4 signaling pathway in mitochondrial cardiomyopathy , we generated Ptpmt1 cardiomyocytes-specific Knockout mcie, Eif2a mutant mcie, Gcn2 Knockout mcie, and Hri Knockout mcie

2022-04-21 | GSE201042 | GEO

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