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Shorter Chain Triglycerides Are Negatively Associated with Symptom Improvement in Schizophrenia.

ABSTRACT: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder requiring lifelong treatment. While medications are available that are effective in treating some patients, individual treatment responses can vary, with some patients exhibiting resistance to one or multiple drugs. Currently, little is known about the causes of the difference in treatment response observed among individuals with schizophrenia, and satisfactory markers of poor response are not available for clinical practice. Here, we studied the changes in the levels of 322 blood plasma lipids between two time points assessed in 92 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia during their inpatient treatment and their association with the extent of symptom improvement. We found 20 triglyceride species increased in individuals with the least improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores, but not in those with the largest reduction in PANSS scores. These triglyceride species were distinct from the rest of the triglyceride species present in blood plasma. They contained a relatively low number of carbons in their fatty acid residues and were relatively low in abundance compared to the principal triglyceride species of blood plasma.

SUBMITTER: Tkachev A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8151512 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Shorter Chain Triglycerides Are Negatively Associated with Symptom Improvement in Schizophrenia.

Tkachev Anna A Stekolshchikova Elena E Anikanov Nickolay N Zozulya Svetlana S Barkhatova Aleksandra A Klyushnik Tatiana T Petrova Daria D

Biomolecules 20210511 5

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder requiring lifelong treatment. While medications are available that are effective in treating some patients, individual treatment responses can vary, with some patients exhibiting resistance to one or multiple drugs. Currently, little is known about the causes of the difference in treatment response observed among individuals with schizophrenia, and satisfactory markers of poor response are not available for clinical practice. Here, we studied the change ...[more]

PMID: 34064997

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Project description:PurposeA recent, phase 3b, mirror-image clinical trial of outpatients with schizophrenia found that use of aripiprazole tablets with sensor (AS; Abilify MyCite®, comprising an ingestible event-marker sensor embedded in aripiprazole tablets, wearable sensor patches, and a smartphone application) reduced the incidence of psychiatric hospitalizations relative to oral standard-of-care antipsychotics. This analysis explored the relationship between AS engagement by participants and changes in participant performance and symptom-severity measures assessed by clinical raters.Participants and methodsThis post hoc analysis used prospectively collected clinical data from a phase 3b clinical trial (NCT03892889). Outpatients had schizophrenia, were aged 18-65 years, and had ≥ 1 psychiatric hospitalization in the previous 48 months. Participants were grouped by study completion status and a k-means clustering algorithm based on AS utilization, resulting in 3 groups: discontinued (discontinued AS before month 3 of the study); moderate engagement (completed 3 months, used AS intermittently); and high engagement (completed 3 months, used AS regularly). Baseline to end-of-study differences for the Clinical Global Impression Scale (Severity of Illness and Improvement of Illness scales), Personal and Social Performance Scale, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were calculated.ResultsA total of 277 outpatients were enrolled (discontinued, n = 164; moderate engagement, n = 63; high engagement, n = 50). All groups experienced symptom improvement from baseline to end-of-study, with significant changes in the more-engaged groups. Highly engaged participants showed significant improvement for all clinical scores and subscores (all P < 0.05) and demonstrated significantly more improvement in symptoms than participants with less engagement.ConclusionParticipants who completed 3 months of the study and had higher AS engagement experienced significantly greater improvement in their end-of-study clinical assessments versus participants who did not complete 3 months. Improvement may be related to more-consistent medication intake and better engagement with a digital health system.

Project description:BackgroundThe gut microbiome and microbiome-gut-brain (MGB) axis have been receiving increasing attention for their role in the regulation of mental behavior and possible biological basis of psychiatric disorders. With the advance of next-generation sequencing technology, characterization of the gut microbiota in schizophrenia (SZ) patients can provide rich clues for the diagnosis and prevention of SZ.MethodsIn this study, we compared the differences in the fecal microbiota between 82 SZ patients and 80 demographically matched normal controls (NCs) by 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed the correlations between altered gut microbiota and symptom severity.ResultsThe alpha diversity showed no significant differences between the NC and SZ groups, but the beta diversity revealed significant community-level separation in microbiome composition between the two groups (pseudo-F =3.337, p < 0.001, uncorrected). At the phylum level, relatively more Actinobacteria and less Firmicutes (p < 0.05, FDR corrected) were found in the SZ group. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Collinsella, Lactobacillus, Succinivibrio, Mogibacterium, Corynebacterium, undefined Ruminococcus and undefined Eubacterium were significantly increased, whereas the abundances of Adlercreutzia, Anaerostipes, Ruminococcus and Faecalibacterium were decreased in the SZ group compared to the NC group (p < 0.05, FDR corrected). We performed PICRUSt analysis and found that several metabolic pathways differed significantly between the two groups, including the Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis, Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine biosynthesis, Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism, Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, Nucleotide metabolism and Propanoate metabolism pathways (p < 0.05, FDR corrected). Among the SZ group, the abundance of Succinivibrio was positively correlated with the total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores (r = 0.24, p < 0.05, uncorrected) as well as the general PANSS scores (r = 0.22, p < 0.05, uncorrected); Corynebacterium was negatively related to the negative scores of PANSS (r = 0.22, p < 0.05, uncorrected).ConclusionsOur findings provided evidence of altered gut microbial composition in SZ group. In addition, we found that Succinvibrio and Corynebacterium were associated with the severity of symptoms for the first time, which may provide some new biomarkers for the diagnosis of SZ.

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Shorter Chain Triglycerides Are Negatively Associated with Symptom Improvement in Schizophrenia.

Publications

Shorter Chain Triglycerides Are Negatively Associated with Symptom Improvement in Schizophrenia.

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